July 1, 2026
HIV-1 in Europe is no longer predominated by subtype B epidemic! By Miłosz Parczewski, EACS President
Our Review in The Lancet HIV examines the rapidly changing molecular landscape of HIV-1 across the WHO European Region, including the expansion of subtype A6, the growing contribution of non-B subtypes, and the increasing frequency of circulating and unique recombinant forms which are reshaping the epidemic.
These changes are not only epidemiological. Subtype-specific genetic backgrounds may influence virulence, resistance pathways, interpretation of genotypic testing, and the durability of long-acting cabotegravir–rilpivirine treatment. Viral diversity may also affect susceptibility to fostemsavir, broadly neutralising antibodies, pre-exposure prophylaxis, reservoir dynamics, and future cure strategies.
The paper also highlights how migration, conflict, and refugee movements are reshaping HIV molecular diversity in Europe, making genomic surveillance increasingly relevant for clinical care and public health.
The review highlights why molecular surveillance, subtype-aware clinical interpretation, and inclusive drug-development studies are essential for equitable HIV prevention and treatment across Europe.
Congratulations to my co-authors Karol Sherwin, Dimitri’s Paraskevis, Thomas Klimkait, Charlotte Charpentier, Annemarie Wensing for this important contribution.
Published in The Lancet HIV - Reference: LANHIV1995 (Free access until 30 July 2026)